cytotoxic and apoptogenic properties of 2-phenylthiazole-4-carboxamide derivatives in human carcinoma cell lines

apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is an essential physiological process that plays a critical role in development and tissue homeostasis. caspases, a family of cysteine-dependent aspartate-directed proteases, play a critical role in the initiation and execution of apoptosis. in this study, cytotoxicity and apoptogenic effect of 2-phenyl 4-carboxamide derivatives were evaluated in sknmc (human neuroblastoma), mcf-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) and ht-29 (human colon cancer) cell lines. cell viability was determined by mtt assay. also, activation of caspase-3 was evaluated by spectrophotometry. the overall cytotoxicity profiles of derivatives  demonstrated that the ht-29 cell line has more sensitivity respect to other cell lines. moreover, our observations indicated that 3-f and 2-f derivatives and  4-cl derivative increased caspase-3 activation in three carcinoma cell line compared to control.  collectively, these findings suggest that these derivatives are  able to induce apoptosis in cancer cell lines.